Fatwaa ID: 319

Question:
1) I wanted to understand how the Quran was compiled in the mushag like the book form: A) were surahs revealed as a whole or ayat and then the prophet saw and the companions paired then together into one 2) how were the chapters named; did Allah name the chapters or again the prophet saw and his companions 3) what order were they placed in and why, bc it’s not chronological

Answer:
In the Name of Allaah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
As-salaamu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullaahi wa-barakaatuh.

1. Verses and at times surahs were revealed according to the need. Surahs were not always revealed as a whole. When a verse would be revealed, Nabi (S) would teach it to the Sahaabah (R) and he would also advise them to put that verse in such and such surah after such and such verse. Similarly, when a complete surah would be revealed, he would advise them of its order in the Qur’aan. The sequence of revelation is different from the sequence of compilation. Both are divine.
2. The names of the surahs of the Qur’aan are tawqeefi, i.e. established from Nabi (S) which is obviously divine.
3. Allaah Ta’aala revealed the sequence. There is no human intervention in this. The wisdom and reason behind the sequence is known to Allaah Ta’aala.

And Allaah Ta’aala knows best.
Mufti Muajul I. Chowdhury
Darul Iftaa New York
https://askthemufti.us/

06/15/1444 AH – 01/08/2023 CE | AML1-6808

وصل اللهم وسلم وبارك على سيدنا محمد وعلى ءاله وصحبه أجمعين

الإتقان في علوم القرءان (1/186)
وقد ثبتت جميع أسماء السور بالتوقيف من الأحاديث والآثار ، ولولا خشية الإطالة لبينت ذلك

التحرير والتنوير (1/88)
وأما أسماء السور فقد جُعلت لها من عهد نزول الوحي ، والمقصود من تسميتها تيسير المراجعة والمذاكرة

جامع البيان (1/100)
لِسوَر القرآن أسماءٌ سمّاها بها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم

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